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Iintambo zefayibha yokubonisaziye zaguqula iinkqubo zokubeka esweni ukhuseleko, zazazisa njengesiseko esibalulekileyo seziseko zophuhliso zokubeka esweni zanamhlanje. Ngokungafaniyo neentambo zobhedu zemveli, ezi ntambo zeglasi okanye zeplastiki zigqithisa idatha ngemiqondiso yokukhanya, zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezingenakuthelekiswa nanto ezibalulekileyo kwizicelo zokhuseleko ezinobungozi obukhulu. Ukuveliswa kweentambo zefayibha ye-optical,I-OPGWIintambo (ze-Optical Ground Wire), kunye nezinye izinto ze-fiber optic ziye zaba lishishini elikhethekileyo eliphendula kwiimfuno zokhuseleko ezikhulayo kwihlabathi liphela. Ezi ntambo ziphambili zibonelela ngesantya sokudlulisa idatha esingaqhelekanga, ukhuseleko olupheleleyo kuphazamiseko lwe-electromagnetic, ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo lwesignali ekuthinteni, imigama emide kakhulu yokudlulisa, kunye nokuqina okumangalisayo kwiindawo ezinzima. Ubungakanani bazo obuncinci kunye nobunzima bazo kwenza ukufakwa kube lula kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko ezintsonkothileyo. Njengoko izisongelo zokhuseleko zikhula ngobuchule, ishishini lokuvelisa i-optical fiber liyaqhubeka nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha, liphuhlisa iintambo ezinomthamo owandisiweyo, ukuqina, kunye neempawu ezikhethekileyo ezenzelwe ngokukodwa imingeni eyahlukileyo yokujonga ukhuseleko olupheleleyo.iinethiwekhikuzo zonke izibonelelo zikarhulumente, iziseko ezibalulekileyo, kunye neendawo zorhwebo.
Umthamo woThumelo lweDatha oPhezulu
Iintambo zefayibha ebonakalayo zidlulisela idatha zisebenzisa imiqondiso yokukhanya, nto leyo evumela amandla e-bandwidth angaphezulu kakhulu kwiintambo zobhedu zemveli. Lo mthamo mkhulu uvumela iinkqubo zokhuseleko ukuba ziphathe imijelo yevidiyo emininzi enentsingiselo ephezulu, ii-audio feeds, idatha ye-motion sensor, kunye nolwazi lokulawula ukufikelela ngaxeshanye ngaphandle kokuwohloka. Ufakelo lokhuseleko lwanamhlanje ludla ngokufuna amakhulu eekhamera ezisebenza kwisisombululo se-4K okanye ngaphezulu, kunye neesensors ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo zokufumanisa-zonke zivelisa ubungakanani obukhulu bedatha. Yiziseko ze-fiber optic kuphela ezinokuxhasa ngokuthembekileyo eli nqanaba lokuhamba kolwazi ngaphandle kwemiqobo okanye imiba yokulibaziseka. Lo mthamo uphezulu ukwaqinisekisa ukufakelwa kokhuseleko kwixesha elizayo, ukwamkele izixhobo ezongezelelweyo kunye nezisombululo eziphezulu njengoko ubuchwepheshe buqhubela phambili.
Ukhuselo loMngcipheko we-Electromagnetic
Ngokungafaniyo neentambo zobhedu ezinokuchaphazeleka kukuwohloka kwesignali ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI),iifayibha ezibonakalayoidlulisela idatha isebenzisa imiqondiso yokukhanya engachaphazelekiyo kwaphela kukuphazamiseka kombane. Olu phawu lubalulekileyo luqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kweenkqubo zokhuseleko kwiindawo ezinomsebenzi ophezulu we-electromagnetic, njengeendawo zokuvelisa, izikhululo zamandla, okanye iindawo ezikufutshane nezixhobo zombane ezinzima. Iikhamera zokhuseleko kunye neesensa eziqhagamshelwe ngeentambo ze-fiber optic ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo nangona kukho iziphepho zombane okanye xa zibekwe kufutshane nezixhobo zombane eziphezulu. Olu khuselo lokuphazamiseka lunciphisa kakhulu ii-alamu zobuxoki kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi kwenkqubo, ukuqinisekisa ukugqunywa kokhuseleko rhoqo.
Ukhuseleko Lomzimba Oluphuculweyo
Iintambo ze-fiber opticZibonelela ngeenzuzo zokhuseleko ezizibangela ukuba zilungele usetyenziso lokubeka esweni olunobuthathaka. Azikhuphi imiqondiso ye-electromagnetic enokuthi ithintelwe, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuyicofa ngaphandle kokuyifumanisa. Naluphi na umzamo wokufikelela kwi-fiber ngokwasemzimbeni udla ngokuphazamisa isignali yokukhanya, enokufunyanwa ziinkqubo zokhuseleko zanamhlanje ngoko nangoko njengelinge lokwaphulwa komthetho. Iintambo zefayibha ezikhethekileyo eziphuculweyo zokhuseleko ziquka iileya ezongezelelweyo zokukhusela kunye nobuchule bokubeka esweni obunokuchonga indawo echanekileyo yalo naluphi na umzamo wokuphazamisa kubude bentambo. Eli nqanaba lokhuseleko libalulekile kwizibonelelo zikarhulumente, amaziko emali, kunye neziseko ezibalulekileyo apho ukhuseleko lwedatha lubaluleke kakhulu.
Umgama Owongezelelweyo WokuThunyelwa
Iintambo zefayibha ye-optical zinokudlulisela imiqondiso kumgama omkhulu kakhulu kunezinye iindlela zobhedu ngaphandle kokufuna iziphindaphindi zesignali okanye ii-amplifier. Ifayibha eqhelekileyo yemowudi enye inokudlulisa idatha kumgama ofikelela kwiikhilomitha ezingama-40 (iikhilomitha ezingama-25) ngaphandle kokuwohloka kwesignali, ngelixa iifayibha ezikhethekileyo zokuhamba ixesha elide zinokunwenwa nangakumbi. Olu buchule bokuhamba ixesha elide lwenza ifayibha ibe yeyona ifanelekileyo kwimisebenzi yokhuseleko enkulu egubungela imida ebanzi, iindawo zekhampasi, okanye izakhiwo ezisasazekileyo. Iinkqubo zokhuseleko zinokubeka imisebenzi yokubeka esweni kwindawo enye ngelixa zigcina unxibelelwano olucacileyo nolwexesha langempela kunye neekhamera ezikude kunye neenzwa kwiindawo ezisasazekileyo ngokubanzi.
Ukuhlala ixesha elide kwindalo esingqongileyo
Iintambo zefayibha ye-optical zanamhlanje zenzelwe ukuqina okumangalisayo kwiindawo ezinzima. Iintambo ze-OPGW (Optical Ground Wire) zidibanisa imicu yefayibha ye-optic kunye nesikhuselo sentsimbi, nto leyo ezenza zifaneleke kakhuluufakelo lwangaphandlekwiimeko zemozulu ezimandundu. Ezi ntambo zikhethekileyo ziyamelana nokufuma, ukuguquguquka kobushushu, ukuvezwa yi-UV, kunye nongcoliseko lweekhemikhali. Ukufakelwa kweefayibha ezingaphantsi komhlaba kunokuhlala amashumi eminyaka ngaphandle kokuwohloka, ngelixa ukuthunyelwa kwe-airway kumelana nemimoya ephezulu, ukwakheka komkhenkce, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwezilwanyana zasendle. Oku kukwazi ukumelana nokusingqongileyo kuqinisekisa ukujonga ukhuseleko rhoqo kwiindawo ezinzima ezifana neengcingo ezijikeleze ummandla, imibhobho yeoyile, iindlela zothutho, kunye neendawo ezikude apho ukufikelela kulondolozo kunokunciphisa khona.
Ububanzi obuncinci kakhulu kunye nobunzima obulula beentambo ze-fiber optic zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zokufakelwa kokhuseleko.intambo yefayibhaUbukhulu beenwele zomntu bunokuthwala idatha engaphezulu kunentambo yobhedu ephindwe kaninzi ngobukhulu bayo. Olu hlobo luncinci luvumela ukufakwa lula kwiindawo ezixineneyo, kwiipayipi ezikhoyo, okanye ecaleni kwezinye izixhobo ngaphandle kokufuna ukwakhiwa okukhulu. Uhlobo olulula lweentambo zefayibha lukwanciphisa iimfuno zomthwalo wolwakhiwo lokufakelwa emoyeni. Ezi mpawu zomzimba zivumela ukuphunyezwa kokhuseleko olukhethekileyo, kunye neentambo ezinokufihlwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zidluliselwe kwiindawo ezincinci, ziphucula ubuhle kunye nokhuseleko ngokwenza iziseko zokubeka esweni zingabonakali kangako kubangeneleli abanokubakho.
Iinethiwekhi zefayibha ye-optical zanamhlanje zibonelela ngesiseko esifanelekileyo sokudibanisa uhlalutyo lokhuseleko oluphambili. I-bandwidth ephezulu kunye neempawu zokudlulisela ezithembekileyo zefayibha zenza uhlalutyo lwevidiyo lwexesha langempela, ukucutshungulwa kobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, kunye nezicelo zokufunda koomatshini ezenza umda ophambili wetekhnoloji yokhuseleko. Ezi nkqubo zinokuhlalutya imisinga emininzi yevidiyo ngaxeshanye ukuze kubonwe ubuso, kuhlahlelo lokuziphatha, kubonwe izinto, kunye nokuqatshelwa kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga. Ukulibaziseka okuphantsi kokudluliselwa kwefayibha ye-optic kuqinisekisa ukuba ezi zibalo zintsonkothileyo zinokwenzeka nokuba kwindawo ephakathi.amaziko edathaokanye ngezixhobo zekhompyutha ezisemaphethelweni ngaphandle kokulibaziseka okuncinci, okuvumela iimpendulo zokhuseleko ezikhawulezileyo kwizisongelo ezifunyenweyo. Njengoko amandla ohlalutyo eqhubeka ephucuka, i-h eqinileyo iqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokhuseleko zinokukhula ngaphandle kokufuna ukuphuculwa okusisiseko konxibelelwano.
Intambo yefayibha ebonakalayo izimise ngokuqinileyo njengesiseko esibalulekileyo seenkqubo zanamhlanje zokujonga ukhuseleko, inika indibaniselwano ebalulekileyo ye-bandwidth, ukhuseleko, ukuthembeka, kunye nokuqina okufunwa luvavanyo oluntsonkothileyo lwanamhlanje. Njengoko izoyikiso zokhuseleko ziqhubeka nokukhula, ukuveliswa kweentambo ze-fiber optic ezikhethekileyo-ukusuka kufakelo oluqhelekileyo ukuya kwiindidi ze-OPGW eziqinileyo-kusahleli phambili ekuvumeleni amaqhinga okukhusela apheleleyo. Iipropati ezizodwa zokudluliselwa kwefayibha ziqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokhuseleko zinokuqhubeka nokukhula ngobunzima kunye nobuchule ngelixa zigcina ingqibelelo yokusebenza ebalulekileyo kwizicelo zokujonga ezibalulekileyo. Kubaphathi beziko, iingcali zokhuseleko, kunye nabahlanganisi beenkqubo, ukuqonda kunye nokusebenzisa izibonelelo eziphambili zeziseko zophuhliso ze-fiber optic kuye kwaba sisiseko ekuphunyezweni kwezisombululo zokhuseleko ezisebenzayo neziqinisekileyo kwixesha elizayo ezinokuziqhelanisa nezoyikiso ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe.
