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Ngokuphathelele to unxibelelwano lwe-optical, ulawulo lwamandla lubonakala luyindlela ebalulekileyo xa kufikwa kuzinzo kunye nobuchule bemiqondiso kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo. Ngenxa yokwanda kwemfuno yesantya kunye nomthamo wenethiwekhi yonxibelelwano, kukho imfuneko yokwenyani yokulawula amandla emiqondiso yokukhanya edluliselwa nge-fiber optics ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kukhokelele ekudalweni kwe izithinteli ze-fiber optic njengemfuneko yokusetyenziswa kwiifayibha. Zinesicelo esibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni njengezithinteli ngaloo ndlela zithintela amandla emiqondiso yokukhanya ukuba inyuke kakhulu nto leyo ebangela umonakalo kwizixhobo eziyamkelayo okanye neepateni zemiqondiso ezijijekileyo.
Ukuncipha kwefayibha okusisiseko kwikhonkco le-fiber optic kunokuchazwa njengokulahleka okufunyanwa kumandla esignali akwimo yokukhanya njengoko edlula kwi intambo ye-fiber opticOku kuncitshiswa kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo eziquka ukusasazeka, ukufunxa, kunye nokulahlekelwa yi-golden. Nangona ukuncitshiswa kwesignali kuyinto eqhelekileyo, akufuneki kufikelele kumanqanaba aphezulu njengoko konakalisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zonxibelelwano lwe-optical. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, ii-attenuators zisetyenziswa ngokwesiqhelo ukunciphisa amandla esignali ukuya kwinqanaba lokusetyenziswa kwayo ngokufanelekileyo kunye nefuthe elincinci kubomi benethiwekhi.
Kwi- inkqubo yonxibelelwano lwe-optical, isignali kufuneka ibe kwinqanaba elithile lamandla elifunekayo kumamkeli ukuze acubungule isignali. Ukuba isignali inamandla aphezulu, ngoko iyayithwala kakhulu imamkeli kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ikhokelele kwiimpazamo, kwaye ukuba isignali inamandla aphantsi, umamkeli usenokungakwazi ukubona isignali ngokuchanekileyo.Izithinteli ze-fiber opticzidlala indima ephambili ekugcineni ulungelelwano olunjalo ingakumbi xa imigama imifutshane nto leyo ebangela ukuba amandla aphezulu abe yingxolo kwicala elamkelayo.
Kukho iindidi ezimbini zee-fiber optic attenuators, nganye kuzo yahlulwe ngendlela eyakhiwe ngayo kunye nomsebenzi wayo: Ii-fixed attenuators kunye nee-variable attenuators. Ii-fiber optic attenuators zifumaneka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, kwaye nganye kuzo ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa okanye imfuno ethile. Ii-Fixed Attenuators zii-universal attenuators ngelixa ii-variable attenuators ziyi-specific attenuators.
Ii-Attenuators eziQinisekisiweyo: Ezi zii-attenuators ezibonelela ngomlinganiselo oqhelekileyo wokunciphisa kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiimeko, apho kufuneka umgangatho ohambelanayo wokunciphisa. Ii-attenuators eziQinisekisiweyo zihlala zenziwe kumanqanaba athile okunciphisa, ezahlukeneyo ezinokuhluka ukusuka kwi-dB ezininzi ukuya kwi-dB ezilishumi. Inzuzo ephambili yezi ntlobo zeefayibha kukulula kwazo kokusetyenziswa kunye nokufakelwa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zonxibelelwano lwe-optical standard.
Ii-Variable Attenuators: Kwelinye icala, ii-variable attenuators zivumela inkululeko yokutshintsha ubungakanani bokunciphisa obusetyenziswayo ngenxa yokwahluka kwayo kuyilo lwe-attenuator. Olu hlengahlengiso lunokwenziwa ngesandla okanye lunokwenziwa lula ngokusebenzisa ulawulo lwe-elektroniki. Ii-Variable attenuators zingasetyenziswa kwizicwangciso zamandla eziguquguqukayo apho iisignali zinokufika ngamandla ahlukeneyo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo kwaye ngenxa yoko apho amandla azo anokufuna ukulungiswa ngamanye amaxesha. Zinokufumaneka kwiimvavanyo ezininzi kunye nokulinganisa apho iisignali zahlukile kwaye zahlukile.
Isixhobo sokunciphisa i-fiber opticNangona kunjalo, kule meko, kuthetha into encediswayo eyilwe ngenjongo efanayo yokunciphisa ukukhanya ukuya kwinqanaba elimiselweyo. Ngamanye amazwi, oku kungenziwa ngeenkqubo ezifana nokufunxa, ukusasazeka, kunye nokubonakalisa. Zonke ezintathu zineengenelo zazo kwaye zikhethwa ngokuxhomekeke kwinkcazo yesicelo esisetyenziswayo.
Ii-Attenuators zokufunxa: Ezi zi-attenuators zifaka izinto ezitshonisa ngempumelelo inxalenye yesignali ye-optical kwaye ziyithintele ekubeni yomelele kangako. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kusenziwa ii-attenuators ezisekelwe kwindlela yokusebenza yokufunxa kukukhetha izinto kunye nesakhiwo ukuze ezi zinto zinike ukufunxa okuhlala kusenzeka kwisithuba sobude obufunekayo ngaphandle kokufaka ilahleko ezongezelelweyo.
Ii-Scattering Attenuators: Ii-attenuators ezisekwe ekukhanyeni zisebenza ngomgaqo wokubangela ngabom ilahleko ngendlela yokuphazamiseka kwendawo kwifayibha ukuze ezinye zezikhanyiso zesiganeko zibethe udonga oluphambili kwaye zisasazeke ziphume kwifayibha. Ngenxa yoko, esi siphumo sokusasazeka sikhokelela ekubeni buthathaka kwesignali ngaphandle kokuphazamisa amandla endalo efayibha. Uyilo kufuneka luqinisekise ukusasazwa kunye neepateni ze-PUF ezilindelekileyo ukuze zifikelele kumanqanaba afunekayo okuncitshiswa.
Ii-Attenuators eziBonakalayo: Ii-Attenuators eziBonakalayo zisebenza ngomgaqo wempendulo, apho inxalenye yesignali yokukhanya ibuyiselwa kumthombo, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kwesignali kwicala eliya phambili. Ezi attenuators zinokubandakanya izinto ezibonakalisayo ezifana nezipili ngaphakathi kwendlela yokukhanya okanye ukubekwa kwezipili ecaleni kwendlela. Uyilo lwenkqubo kufuneka lwenziwe ngendlela yokuba ii-reflections ziphazamise inkqubo ngendlela yokuba umgangatho wesignali uchaphazeleke.
Isixhobo sokunciphisa i-fiber opticIimveliso ezibalulekileyo zeenkqubo zanamhlanje zonxibelelwano lwe-optical, ekufuneka abayili bazikhethe ngononophelo. Ngokulawula imiqondiso yamandla, ezi gadget ziqinisekisa ukuhamba kwedatha ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo ngaphakathi kwinethiwekhi. Ekusasazekeni, ukuncitshiswa kwefayibha kubuthathaka kwesignali okwenzeka kumgama othile ngenxa yokubonakaliswa kwesignali, ukuphazamiseka, kunye nokusasazeka kwayo. Ukujongana nale ngxaki, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-attenuators ezinokuthi iinjineli zizazi kwaye zizisebenzise. Ekuphuculeni itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano lwe-optical, umntu akanakuyityeshela ukusebenza kwe-attenuators ze-fiber optic njengoko izixhobo zokuchukumisa kunye noyilo ziya kuhlala zibalulekile kuthungelwano lwala maqonga anobuchule.
