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Guhera mu kwezi kwa gatatu kwa 2025, isoko ry’insinga za fiber optique ku isi ryavuye mu myaka myinshi y’ibiciro byari byagabanutse, ritangiza izamuka rikomeye ry’ibiciro ritagaragaza ibimenyetso byo kugabanuka. Bitandukanye n’impinduka z’ibiciro mu bihe byashize, iri zamuka ry’ibiciro rigaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye mu byiciro by’ibicuruzwa, inzira zo gutanga amasoko n’amasoko yo mu karere, bigatera imbogamizi zikomeye mu mikorere no mu gutanga amasoko ku bakiriya b’inganda,ikigo cy'amakuruabakora umushinga,itumanahoAbakora n'abahuza ibisubizo ku isi. Iyi nkuru ishingiye ku makuru yemewe n'inganda n'ubuhanga mu by'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa, isuzuma impamvu z'ingenzi zitera, ihindagurika ry'ibiciro rishobora kubarwa hamwe n'inzira z'isoko mu gihe kirekire ry'iri hinduka rikomeye ry'inganda.
Dukurikije amakuru ajyanye n'amasoko ya CRU n'ay'itumanaho ryo mu gihugu, ikigo cy'ingenzi cya G.652.D, inkingi y'ingenzi mu mikoreshereze gakondo ya terefone na FTTH, cyagaragaje izamuka ry'ibiciro rirenga 30% kuva mu ntangiriro za 2025. Kuva mu mpera z'Ukuboza 2025 kugeza hagati muri Mutarama 2026, igiciro cya fibre ya G.652.D yazamutse cyane iva kuri yuan 20 kuri kilometero imwe igera kuri yuan 35 kuri kilometero imwe, hamwe n'ibiciro bimwe na bimwe byo mu karere birenga yuan 44 kuri kilometero imwe. Ibice by'imashini zigezweho kandi zidasanzwe byabonye inyungu nini cyane: G.657. Fibre idafata ikirere, ikoreshwa cyane mu bigo by'amakuru no mu buryo bw'itumanaho bwa gisirikare, yazamutse iva kuri yuan 30 kuri kilometero imwe igera kuri yuan 50 kuri kilometero imwe mu kwezi kumwe. Fibre ya G.654.E itakaza cyane kandi idafite uburebure, fibre ya OM5 ifite bandwidth nyinshi hamwe na fibre ifite core hollow core ifite premium ya 20% kugeza kuri 30%, hamwefibre y'imbere idafite aho ihuriyeIbiciro bigera hafi ku nshuro 1000 z'umugozi usanzwe wa G.652.D. Hagati aho, ibiciro by'amasoko byashyizwe mu byiciro bya carrier, byari bizwiho kuba bihamye, byazamutse cyane—ibiciro by'insinga 24 za China Tower zo mu 2025-2026 GYTA G.652.D byashyizeho ikigereranyo cya yuan 1197 kuri kilometero imwe, mu gihe ibicuruzwa bya China Telecom byo mu karere byazamutseho 49%, byemeza ko isoko ryagutse rizazamuka.
Kwaguka gukomeye kw'ibikorwaremezo bya mudasobwa bya AI ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi mu kuvugurura imiterere y'ibikenewe ku isi. Isesengura ry'inganda ryemeza ko ibigo by'amakuru bya AI bikoresha ibikorwaremezo bya fiber optique inshuro 5 kugeza ku 10 kurusha ibikoresho bisanzwe byo mu bicu, aho Data Center Interconnect (DCI) na intra-data centre bikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi w'ibikenewe biza kuba ibice by'ibikenewe byiyongera cyane. Amakuru ya CRU agaragaza ko ibikenewe ku isi bya fiber centre byiyongereyeho 75.9% ugereranyije n'umwaka mu 2025, kandi iki gice giteganijwe kuba gifite 30% by'ibikenewe ku isi mu 2027, bivuye kuri 5% gusa mu 2024. Abahanga mu gusesengura ururimi muri Amerika ya Ruguru, bayoboye itsinda rinini ry'amahugurwa n'isuzumabumenyi, batanze amabwiriza menshi ku bicuruzwa bya fiber bikora neza, bagabanya ububiko bw'ibicuruzwa byihariye ku isi kandi batera ibura ry'ibicuruzwa mu ruhererekane rw'agaciro. Ikindi kandi, icyifuzo cy’ibikoresho bya gisirikare biva mu itumanaho ry’imodoka zitagira abapilote (UAV) cyagaragaye nk’ikintu gikomeye gitera imbaraga, aho icyifuzo cy’ibikoresho bya buri mwaka bya UAV cyageze kuri kilometero miliyoni 50-60 za fiber mu 2025, bingana na hafi 10% by’ibikenewe ku isi yose.
Ku ruhande rw'ibicuruzwa, ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu budahinduka ndetse n'igihe kirekire cyo kwaguka kw'ibicuruzwa byo mu kirere byateje imbogamizi ku isoko, bikongera ubukana bw'isoko. Imbere y'ibicuruzwa bya fibre optique, ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo mu kirere, bisaba inzira zigoye cyane zo gukora ibintu bifite ukwezi kwaguka kuva ku mezi 18 kugeza kuri 24, bivuze ko ubushobozi bushya bwatangijwe mu 2025 butazagera ku isoko kugeza mu 2026 cyangwa 2027. Inganda zikomeye ku isi zirimo Yangtze Optical Fiber na Cable, Hengtong Optic-Electric na FiberHome zahinduye ubushobozi buke bwo gukora fibre ku mirongo yihariye ya fibre, bigabanya mu buryo butaziguye umusaruro wa fibre G.652.D isanzwe ikoreshwa mu itumanaho risanzwe na FTTx. Uku gukwirakwiza ubushobozi byazamuye ibura ry'ibicuruzwa ku isoko rusange, nubwo ubushobozi bwose bwo gukora inganda bukomeje kuba bwiza. Byongeye kandi, icyifuzo gikomeye cyo mu mahanga gituruka muri Amerika ya Ruguru, mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati no muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Epfo cyatumye ubucuruzi bw'Abashinwa bwiyongera cyane.insinga ya fibre optiquebyoherezwa mu mahanga, birushaho kugabanya ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu no kuzamura ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa bigurishwa mu buryo butari ubwa mbere mu nganda.
Ubwumvikane mu nganda, bushyigikiwe n’icyitegererezo cy’ibikenewe mu gutanga ibicuruzwa, bwerekana ko uku kwiyongera kw’ibiciro kuzakomeza kugeza mu 2026, aho uruziga rw’intangarugero ruzamara imyaka 2 kugeza kuri 3. Biteganijwe ko ibikenewe ku isi bizarenga kilometero miliyoni 800 za fibre mu 2027, mu gihe ibitangwa neza bizatinda bitewe n’igihombo mu musaruro gituruka ku guhindura ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho—imirongo ikora fibre yihariye ikora ku kigero cya 30% cy’umusaruro usanzwe wa fibre, bikongera icyuho nyacyo cy’ibitangwa kirenze urugero rwa 5%. Ku baguzi b’ibigo, ingamba zo kugabanya ingaruka ni ngombwa: kugirana amasezerano y’igihe kirekire n’inganda zishoboye zihujwe mbere y’igihe, gutandukanya amasoko y’ibicuruzwa mu bacuruzi bo mu gihugu no mu mahanga, no gushyira imbere igenamigambi ry’ibicuruzwa ku miyoboro ya G.652.D, G.657.A na OM5 y’ingenzi bishobora kwirinda ihindagurika ry’ibiciro. Abakora itumanaho bateganya amasoko rusange n’abakora ikigo cy’amakuru bakora imirimo minini bagomba gushyira mu bikorwa igenamigambi ry’ibiciro mu gihe kirekire mu ngengo y’imari y’imishinga no mu micungire y’ibyago by’ibicuruzwa.
Mu gihe isoko ry’insinga za fiber optique ku isi ryinjiye mu cyiciro cy’impinduka, gishingiye ku busabe, abafatanyabikorwa mu nganda bagomba kuva mu kugenzura ibiciro bifatika bakajya mu igenamigambi ry’ingamba. Binyuze mu kugenzura irekurwa ry’ubushobozi bwa mbere, gukurikirana ihindagurika ry’ubusabe bushingiye ku buhanga bwa AI no gukoresha uburyo bwo kunoza imikoreshereze y’amakuru, ubucuruzi bushobora kunyura mu ihindagurika ry’isoko no kubona inyungu zo guhangana mu buryo bugezweho mu itumanaho ry’urumuri ku isi.
