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Izintambo zefayibha ebonakalayoziye zashintsha izinhlelo zokuqapha ezokuphepha, zazenza umgogodla obalulekile wengqalasizinda yokuqapha yesimanje. Ngokungafani nezintambo zethusi zendabuko, lezi zintambo zeglasi noma zepulasitiki ezimangalisayo zidlulisa idatha ngezibonakaliso zokukhanya, zinikeza izinzuzo ezingenakuqhathaniswa ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuphepha ezisengozini enkulu. Ukukhiqizwa kwezintambo ze-optical fiber,I-OPGWIzintambo (ze-Optical Ground Wire), nezinye izingxenye ze-fiber optic sezibe yimboni ekhethekile ephendula ezidingweni zokuphepha ezikhulayo emhlabeni jikelele. Lezi zintambo ezithuthukisiwe zinikeza isivinini sokudlulisa idatha esingavamile, ukungatheleleki okuphelele ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic, ukuphepha kwesignali okuthuthukisiwe ekuthinteni, amabanga okudlulisa amade kakhulu, kanye nokuqina okumangalisayo ezindaweni ezinzima. Ubukhulu bazo obuncane kanye nesimo sazo esilula nakho kwenza ukufakwa kube lula ezinhlelweni zokuphepha eziyinkimbinkimbi. Njengoba izinsongo zokuphepha zikhula zibe yinkimbinkimbi, imboni yokukhiqiza i-fiber optical iyaqhubeka nokusungula izinto ezintsha, ithuthukisa izintambo ezinomthamo okhuphukile, ukuqina, kanye nezici ezikhethekile eziklanyelwe ngqo izinselele ezihlukile zokuqapha ukuphepha okuphelele.amanethiwekhikuzo zonke izikhungo zikahulumeni, ingqalasizinda ebalulekile, kanye nezindawo zezentengiselwano.
Amandla Okudlulisa Idatha Aphakeme
Izintambo ze-optical fiber zidlulisa idatha zisebenzisa izimpawu zokukhanya, okuvumela amakhono e-bandwidth adlula kakhulu izintambo zethusi zendabuko. Lo mthamo omkhulu uvumela izinhlelo zokuphepha ukuthi ziphathe ukusakazwa kwevidiyo okuningi okunencazelo ephezulu, okuphakelayo komsindo, idatha yenzwa yokunyakaza, kanye nolwazi lokulawula ukufinyelela ngasikhathi sinye ngaphandle kokuwohloka. Ukufakwa kwezokuphepha kwesimanje kuvame ukudinga amakhulu amakhamera asebenza ngesisombululo se-4K noma ngaphezulu, kanye nezinzwa ezahlukahlukene nezinhlelo zokuthola - konke kukhiqiza inani elikhulu ledatha. Ingqalasizinda ye-fiber optic kuphela engasekela ngokuthembekile leli zinga lokugeleza kolwazi ngaphandle kwezinkinga zokuvinjelwa noma zokulibaziseka. Lo mthamo ophakeme uphinde uvikele ukufakwa kokuphepha esikhathini esizayo, uvumela amadivayisi engeziwe kanye nezinqumo eziphakeme njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka.
Ukungavikeleki Ekuphazamisekeni Kwe-Electromagnetic
Ngokungafani nezintambo zethusi ezingase zihlupheke ngenxa yokonakala kwesiginali ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI),imicu yokukhanyakudlulisa idatha kusetshenziswa izimpawu zokukhanya ezingathinteki nhlobo ukuphazamiseka kukagesi. Lesi sici esibalulekile siqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile kwezinhlelo zokuphepha ezindaweni ezinomsebenzi ophezulu kagesi, njengezindawo zokukhiqiza, izitshalo zikagesi, noma izindawo eziseduze nemishini kagesi esindayo. Amakhamera okuphepha nezinzwa ezixhunywe ngezintambo ze-fiber optic ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokujwayelekile ngisho nangesikhathi seziphepho zikagesi noma lapho zibekwe eduze kwemishini enamandla kagesi aphezulu. Lokhu kuvikela ukuphazamiseka kunciphisa kakhulu ama-alamu angamanga kanye nesikhathi sokungasebenzi kohlelo, okuqinisekisa ukumbozwa kokuphepha okuqhubekayo.
Ukuphepha Okuthuthukisiwe Komzimba
Izintambo ze-fiber opticzinikeza izinzuzo zokuphepha ezingokwemvelo ezenza zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuqapha ezibucayi. Azikhiphi izimpawu zikagesi ezingabanjwa, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuzithinta ngaphandle kokuzibona. Noma yimuphi umzamo wokufinyelela i-fiber ngokomzimba uvame ukuphazamisa isignali yokukhanya, okungatholwa izinhlelo zokuphepha zanamuhla ngokushesha njengomzamo wokwephula okungenzeka. Izintambo ze-fiber ezikhethekile ezithuthukisiwe zifaka izendlalelo ezengeziwe zokuvikela kanye namakhono okuqapha angakhomba indawo eqondile yanoma yimuphi umzamo wokuphazamisa ubude bekhebula. Leli zinga lokuphepha libalulekile ezikhungweni zikahulumeni, ezikhungweni zezimali, kanye nengqalasizinda ebalulekile lapho ukuvikelwa kwedatha kubaluleke kakhulu khona.
Ibanga Lokudlulisa Elide
Izintambo zefayibha ebonakalayo zingadlulisa izimpawu ebangeni elikhulu kakhulu kunezinye izindlela zethusi ngaphandle kokudinga iziphindaphindi zesignali noma ama-amplifier. Ifayibha ejwayelekile yemodi eyodwa ingadlulisa idatha ebangeni elingafika kumakhilomitha angu-40 (amamayela angu-25) ngaphandle kokuwohloka kwesignali, kuyilapho imicu ekhethekile yokuhamba ibanga elide inganwebeka ngisho nangaphezulu. Leli khono lebanga elide lenza ifayibha ifaneleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kokuphepha okukhulu okuhlanganisa izindawo ezibanzi, izindawo zasekhempasini, noma izikhungo ezisatshalaliswe. Izinhlelo zokuphepha zingahlanganisa imisebenzi yokuqapha ngenkathi zigcina ukuxhumana okucacile, kwesikhathi sangempela namakhamera akude nezinzwa ezindaweni ezihlakazekile kakhulu.
Ukuqina Kwemvelo
Izintambo ze-fiber optical zesimanje zenzelwe ukuqina okumangalisayo ezindaweni ezinzima. Izintambo ze-OPGW (Optical Ground Wire) zihlanganisa imicu ye-fiber optic nezivikelo zensimbi ezivikelayo, okwenza zifaneleke kakhuluukufakwa kwangaphandleezimweni zezulu ezimbi kakhulu. Lezi zintambo ezikhethekile ziyamelana nomswakama, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukuchayeka ku-UV, kanye nokungcoliswa kwamakhemikhali. Ukufakwa kwefayibha engaphansi komhlaba kungahlala amashumi eminyaka ngaphandle kokuwohloka, kuyilapho ukuthunyelwa emoyeni kumelana nemimoya enamandla, ukwakheka kweqhwa, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwezilwane zasendle. Lokhu kuqina kwemvelo kuqinisekisa ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kokuphepha ezindaweni eziyinselele njengocingo oluzungezile, amapayipi kawoyela, imigwaqo yezokuthutha, kanye nezindawo ezikude lapho ukufinyelela kokulungisa kungase kulinganiselwe khona.
Ububanzi obuncane ngokumangalisayo kanye nesisindo esincane sezintambo ze-fiber optic kunikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokufakwa kwezokuphepha.ikhebula lefayibhaUbukhulu bezinwele zomuntu bungathwala idatha eningi kunekhebula lethusi eliphindwe kaningi ngobukhulu balo. Lolu hlobo oluncane luvumela ukufakwa okulula ezindaweni ezivalekile, imigudu ekhona, noma eceleni kwezinye izinsiza ngaphandle kokudinga ukwakhiwa okukhulu. Uhlobo olulula lwezintambo zefayibha luphinde lunciphise izidingo zomthwalo wesakhiwo wokufakwa emoyeni. Lezi zici zomzimba zivumela ukusetshenziswa kokuphepha okuhlukile, ngezintambo ezingafihlwa ngempumelelo futhi zidluliselwe ezimbotsheni ezincane, okuthuthukisa kokubili ubuhle kanye nokuphepha ngokwenza ingqalasizinda yokuqapha ingabonakali kangako kubaphangi abangaba khona.
Amanethiwekhi e-fiber optical yesimanje anikeza isisekelo esifanele sokuhlanganisa ukuhlaziywa kokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe. I-bandwidth ephezulu kanye nezici zokudlulisa ezithembekile ze-fiber zivumela ukuhlaziywa kwevidiyo ngesikhathi sangempela, ukucubungula ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokufunda komshini ezakha umkhawulo ophambili wobuchwepheshe bokuphepha. Lezi zinhlelo zingahlaziya ukusakazwa kwevidiyo okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze kubonwe ubuso, kuhlaziywe ukuziphatha, kutholakale izinto, kanye nokubonwa okungafani. Ukubambezeleka okuphansi kokudluliselwa kwe-fiber optic kuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi zingenzeka noma ngabe zisendaweni eyodwa.izikhungo zedathanoma ngamadivayisi ekhompyutha asemaphethelweni anokulibaziseka okuncane, okuvumela izimpendulo zokuphepha ezisheshayo ezinsongweni ezitholiwe. Njengoba amakhono okuhlaziya eqhubeka nokuthuthuka, i-h eqinile iqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokuphepha zingathuthuka ngaphandle kokudinga ukuthuthukiswa okuyisisekelo kokuxhumana.
Ikhebula le-fiber optical lizimise ngokuqinile njengesisekelo esibalulekile sezinhlelo zokuqapha ezokuphepha zanamuhla, lihlinzeka ngenhlanganisela ebalulekile ye-bandwidth, ukuphepha, ukuthembeka, kanye nokuqina okudingwa ukuqapha okuyinkimbinkimbi kwanamuhla. Njengoba izinsongo zokuphepha ziqhubeka nokuguquka, ukukhiqizwa kwezintambo ezikhethekile ze-fiber optic - kusukela ekufakweni okujwayelekile kuya ezinhlotsheni ze-OPGW eziqinile - kuhlala kuphambili ekuvumeleni amasu okuvikela aphelele. Izakhiwo ezihlukile zokudluliswa kwe-fiber ziqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokuphepha zingaqhubeka nokukhula ngobunzima kanye nekhono ngenkathi zigcina ubuqotho bokusebenza obubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuqapha ezibalulekile. Kubaphathi bezikhungo, ochwepheshe bezokuphepha, kanye nabahlanganisi bezinhlelo, ukuqonda nokusebenzisa izinzuzo eziyinhloko zengqalasizinda ye-fiber optic sekuyisisekelo ekusebenziseni izixazululo zokuphepha ezisebenzayo ngempela nezivikela esikhathini esizayo ezingazivumelanisa nezinsongo nobuchwepheshe obusha.
