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Izintambo ze-fiber opticalzenze uguquko izinhlelo zokuqapha ezokuphepha, zazibeka njengomgogodla obalulekile wengqalasizinda yesimanje yokugada. Ngokungafani nezintambo zethusi ezivamile, le micu yengilazi emangalisayo noma yepulasitiki idlulisela idatha ngamasignali alula, enikeza izinzuzo ezingenakuqhathaniswa ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuphepha eziphakeme. Ukwenziwa kwezintambo ze-fiber optical,OPGW(Optical Ground Wire) izintambo, nezinye izingxenye ze-fiber optic seziphenduke imboni ekhethekile esabela ezidingweni zokuphepha ezikhulayo emhlabeni jikelele. Lezi zintambo ezithuthukisiwe zihlinzeka ngesivinini esikhethekile sokudluliswa kwedatha, ukungavikeleki okuphelele ekuphazamiseni kazibuthe kagesi, ukuphepha kwesignali okuthuthukisiwe uma uthinta, amabanga amade kakhulu okudlulisela idatha, nokuqina okumangalisayo ezindaweni ezinokhahlo. Usayizi wabo omncane kanye nemvelo engasindi nakho kwenza ukufakwa kube lula ezinhlelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuphepha. Njengoba izinsongo zokuphepha zikhula ziba yinkimbinkimbi, imboni yokukhiqiza i-fiber optical iyaqhubeka nokusungula, ithuthukisa izintambo ezinomthamo owengeziwe, ukuqina, nezici ezikhethekile eziklanyelwe ngqo izinselele eziyingqayizivele zokuqapha ukuphepha okuphelele.amanethiwekhikuzo zonke izikhungo zikahulumeni, ingqalasizinda ebalulekile, nezakhiwo zezohwebo.
I-Superior Data Transmission Capacity
Izintambo ze-fiber optical zidlulisa idatha zisebenzisa amasignali alula, okuvumela amandla omkhawulokudonsa awedlula kude izintambo zethusi ezivamile. Lo mthamo omkhulu wenza amasistimu okuvikela akwazi ukusakaza ividiyo enencazelo ephezulu, izifunzo zomsindo, idatha yenzwa enyakazayo, nolwazi lokulawula ukufinyelela ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokucekelwa phansi. Ukufakwa kwezokuphepha kwesimanje kuvame ukudinga amakhulukhulu amakhamera asebenza ngokulungiswa kwe-4K noma ngaphezulu, kanye nezinzwa ezihlukahlukene namasistimu okuthola ulwazi—konke akhiqiza amanani amakhulu edatha. Ingqalasizinda ye-fiber optic kuphela engasekela ngokuthembekile leli zinga lokugeleza kolwazi ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa noma izinkinga zokungabambezeleki. Lesi sikhundla esiphakeme siphinde sifakazele ukufakwa kwezokuphepha kobufakazi besikhathi esizayo, okuhlanganisa amadivayisi engeziwe nezinqumo eziphakeme njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka.
Ukungavikeleki ekuphazamisekeni kwe-Electromagnetic
Ngokungafani nezintambo zethusi ezingase zihlupheke ngenxa yokuwohloka kwesignali ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI),imicu ye-opticaldlulisa idatha usebenzisa amasignali ukukhanya ahlala engathinteki ngokuphelele ukuphazamiseka kukagesi. Lesi sici esibalulekile siqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile kwezinhlelo zokuphepha ezindaweni ezinozibuthe ophezulu we-electromagnetic, njengezindawo zokukhiqiza, izimboni zamandla kagesi, noma izindawo eziseduze kwezinto zikagesi ezinzima. Amakhamera okuphepha nezinzwa ezixhunywe ngezintambo ze-fiber optic ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngendlela evamile ngisho naphakathi kweziphepho zikagesi noma lapho zibekwe eduze kwezinto ezisebenza ngamandla amakhulu. Lokhu kuvikeleka ekuphazamiseni kunciphisa kakhulu ama-alamu angamanga nesikhathi sokuphumula sesistimu, kuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka okungaguquki.
Ukuvikeleka Okuthuthukisiwe Komzimba
Izintambo ze-Fiber opticzinikeza izinzuzo zemvelo zokuphepha ezizenza zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuqapha ezibucayi. Awakhiphi amasignali kazibuthe kagesi angase abanjwe, okuwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuwathinta ngaphandle kokutholwa. Noma yimuphi umzamo wokufinyelela ngokoqobo ifayibha ngokuvamile uphazamisa isignali yokukhanya, lezo amasistimu okuvikela esimanje angayithola ngokushesha njengomzamo wokwephula ongaba khona. Izintambo ezikhethekile zefayibha ezithuthukisiwe zokuphepha zihlanganisa izendlalelo ezengeziwe zokuvikela namandla okuqapha angakhomba indawo ngqo yanoma yimuphi umzamo wokuphazamisa ngobude bekhebula. Leli zinga lokuvikeleka libalulekile ezikhungweni zikahulumeni, ezikhungweni zezimali, nengqalasizinda ebalulekile lapho ukuvikelwa kwedatha kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ibanga Lokudlulisa Elandisiwe
Izintambo ze-fiber optical zingadlulisela amasignali ebangeni elikhulu kakhulu kunezinye izindlela zethusi ngaphandle kokudinga iziphindaphinda zesiginali noma izikhulisamsindo. Ifayibha ejwayelekile yemodi eyodwa ingadlulisela idatha ebangeni elingafika kumakhilomitha angu-40 (amamayela angu-25) ngaphandle kokuwohloka kwesignali, kuyilapho imicu eyisipesheli ehamba ibanga elide inganwebeka nakakhulu. Leli khono lebanga elide lenza i-fiber ibe ilungele ukusetshenziswa kokuvikela okukhulu okuhlanganisa amapherimitha abanzi, izindawo zekhampasi, noma izinsiza ezisabalalisiwe. Amasistimu okuvikela angakwazi ukubeka phakathi imisebenzi yokuqapha kuyilapho egcina ukuxhumana okucacile, kwesikhathi sangempela ngamakhamera akude nezinzwa kuzo zonke izindawo ezihlakazeke kakhulu.
Ukuqina Kwemvelo
Izintambo zesimanje ze-fiber optical zenzelwe ukuqina okukhethekile ezindaweni ezinokhahlo. Izintambo ze-OPGW (Optical Ground Wire) zihlanganisa izintambo ze-fiber optic nezivikelo zensimbi, zizenze zifanelekeukufakwa kwangaphandleesimweni sezulu esibi kakhulu. Lezi zintambo ezikhethekile zimelana nomswakama, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukuchayeka kwe-UV, nokungcoliswa kwamakhemikhali. Ukufakwa kwefayibha engaphansi komhlaba kungahlala amashumi eminyaka ngaphandle kokuwohloka, kuyilapho ukuthunyelwa kwasemoyeni kumelana nemimoya ephezulu, ukunqwabelana kweqhwa, nokuphazamiseka kwezilwane zasendle. Lokhu kuqina kwemvelo kuqinisekisa ukugadwa kokuphepha okungaguquki kuzilungiselelo eziyinselele ezifana nothango lwamapherimitha, amapayipi kawoyela, amaphasishi ezokuthutha, nezindawo ezikude lapho ukufinyelela ukulungiswa kungase kukhawulelwe.
Idayamitha encane ngokumangalisayo nesisindo esincane samakhebuli e-fiber optic kunikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokufakwa kwezokuphepha. Eyodwaikhebula le-fiberugqinsi lwezinwele zomuntu bungathwala idatha eyengeziwe kunekhebula lethusi izikhathi eziningi ngobukhulu bayo. Le mvelo ehlangene ivumela ukufakwa kalula ezindaweni ezivalekile, emiseleni ekhona, noma eduze kwezinye izinsiza ngaphandle kokudinga ukwakhiwa okukhulu. Imvelo engasindi yezintambo zefayibha iphinde yehlise izidingo zomthwalo wesakhiwo zokufakwa emoyeni. Lezi zici ezibonakalayo zinika amandla ukusetshenziswa kokuvikela okuhlukahlukene, ngamakhebuli angafihlwa ngempumelelo kakhudlwana futhi adluliselwe ezimbotsheni ezincane, okuthuthukisa kokubili ubuhle nokuphepha ngokwenza ingqalasizinda yokuqapha ibonakale kancane kubahlaseli abangaba khona.
Amanethiwekhi esimanjemanje efiber optical ahlinzeka ngesisekelo esikahle sokuhlanganisa ukuhlaziya okuthuthukile kwezokuphepha. Umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu nezici zokudlulisela ezinokwethenjelwa zefayibha zinika amandla ukuhlaziya kwevidiyo yesikhathi sangempela, ukucubungula ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokufunda ngomshini ezakha umkhawulo wobuchwepheshe bezokuphepha. Lawa masistimu angahlaziya ukusakazwa kwamavidiyo amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze abonwe ubuso, ukuhlaziya ukuziphatha, ukutholwa kwento, nokubonwa ngendlela engaqondakali. Ukubambezeleka okuphansi kokudluliswa kwe-fiber optic kuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi zingenzeka endaweni eyodwaizikhungo zedathanoma ngamadivaysi ekhompyutha asonqenqemeni anokubambezeleka okuncane, okuvumela izimpendulo zokuphepha ezisheshayo ezinsongweni ezitholiwe. Njengoba amakhono okuhlaziya eqhubeka nokuthuthuka, i-robust h iqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokuphepha zingathuthuka ngaphandle kokudinga ukuthuthukiswa kokuxhumana okubalulekile.
Ikhebula le-fiber optical lizimise ngokuqinile njengesisekelo esibalulekile sezinhlelo zesimanje zokuqapha ukuphepha, esihlinzeka ngenhlanganisela ebalulekile yomkhawulokudonsa, ukuphepha, ukwethembeka, nokuqina okudingwa ukugada okuyinkimbinkimbi kwanamuhla. Njengoba izinsongo zokuphepha ziqhubeka nokuvela, ukukhiqizwa kwezintambo ezikhethekile ze-fiber optic-kusuka ekufakweni okujwayelekile kuya kwezinhlobonhlobo eziqinile ze-OPGW-kusahamba phambili ekunikezeni amandla amasu okuvikela aphelele. Izici eziyingqayizivele zokudlulisa ifayibha ziqinisekisa ukuthi amasistimu okuvikela angaqhubeka nokukala ngobunkimbinkimbi nekhono kuyilapho egcina ubuqotho bokusebenza obubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zokuqapha ezibalulekile. Kubaphathi bezikhungo, ochwepheshe bezokuphepha, nabahlanganisi bohlelo, ukuqonda nokusebenzisa izinzuzo ezibalulekile zengqalasizinda ye-fiber optic sekubalulekile ekusebenziseni izixazululo zokuphepha ezisebenza ngempela nezinobufakazi besikhathi esizayo ezingavumelana nezinsongo nobuchwepheshe obuvelayo.