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Mu gihe cyo kubaka ikigo cy’amakuru, gushyiraho umuyoboro wa FTTH, cyangwa kuvugurura ibikorwa remezo by’insinga z’ubucuruzi, abaguzi benshi bibwira ko insinga zose za fibre zikora kimwe. Ariko, mu by’ukuri, itandukaniro mu bwoko bwa fibre, polishing y’amakuru, ibikoresho bya jacket, n’imiterere y’insinga bishobora kugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku ituze ry’umuyoboro n’imikorere yawo. Guhitamo ibitari byo umugozi w'icyapabishobora gutuma habaho gutinda cyane, ibimenyetso bidahindagurika, cyangwa igihe kidasanzwe cyo kudakora nyuma yo gushyirwaho. Niyo mpamvu guhitamo ibipimo bikwiye by’aho porogaramu ishyirwa ari ingenzi cyane.
Yashinzwe mu 2006,Oyi International, Ltd.ni uruganda rukora fibre optique rukorera muri Shenzhen rufite uburambe bw'imyaka hafi 20 mu bicuruzwa bihuza fibre n'ibisubizo by'ikoranabuhanga byihariye. Ikorera abakora itumanaho, ba rwiyemezamirimo, n'abahuza imiyoboro y'itumanaho ku isi yose, OYI yibanda ku gukora ibintu byizewe, kugenzura ubuziranenge mu buryo buhamye, no gukora OEM/ODM mu buryo bworoshye.
Hitamo IgikwiyeUbwoko bwa Fibre
Intambwe ya mbere ni ukumenya niba porogaramu isaba fibre ya mode imwe cyangwa multimode. Gukoresha ubwoko butari bwo ni imwe mu mpamvu zikunze gutuma ikimenyetso kibura kandi bigatuma umurongo uhagarara.
1.Umugozi wo gupakira ukoresha uburyo bumwe(OS1/OS2)
Insinga zo mu bwoko bumwe zifite umugozi wa fibre wa metero 9 utuma urumuri rugenda neza kandi rudakwirakwira cyane, bigatuma ziba nziza mu itumanaho ry’amatara kure. Bitewe n’imiterere y’umuyoboro w’itumanaho n’imikorere y’ibikoresho, intera yo kohereza ubutumwa ishobora kuva kuri kilometero nke kugeza kuri kilometero zirenga 100.
Kubera ubushobozi bwazo bwo kubungabunga ubuziranenge bw'amajwi mu ntera ndende, imigozi ya patch ya single-mode ikoreshwa cyane mu miyoboro y'itumanaho no mu yindi mishinga minini y'ibikorwa remezo by'amajwi.
Porogaramu zisanzwe zirimo:
1) Imiyoboro y'itumanaho n'itumanaho ry'amashanyarazi
2) Imiyoboro ya FTTH yo kohereza no gukwirakwiza
3) Imiterere y'urusobe rw'amakampasi n'umujyi
4) Guhuza WAN mu ntera ndende
5) Guhuza ikigo cy'amakuru (DCI)
Kuri izi ngingo, kudakoresha neza no kudahindagurika kw'ubuziranenge bw'amajwi ni ingenzi cyane. Imigozi ya OYI ya OS2 ikorwa kandi igapimwa kugira ngo irebe ko imikorere yayo ikora neza mu miyoboro ya optique ifite bandwidth nyinshi, ishyigikira porogaramu kuva ku bikorwa remezo by'itumanaho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru kugeza kuri sisitemu zigezweho za 10G, 100G, na sisitemu zo kohereza ubutumwa zihuta cyane.
2.Umugozi w'urupapuro rwa Multimode (OM2/OM3/OM4/OM5)
Fibre ya Multimode ifite ingano nini y’ibanze, ubusanzwe 50μm cyangwa 62.5μm, bigatuma ikoreshwa neza mu kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwihuse kandi bugufi mu nyubako no mu bigo. Kuba ihendutse kandi ijyanye na porogaramu za bandwidth nyinshi byatumye iba amahitamo akunzwe cyane ku miyoboro y’ibigo n’ibigo bigezweho by’amakuru.
6) Porogaramu zisanzwe zirimo:
7) Guhuza ububiko bw'amakuru hagati y'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga (data center rack)
8) Sisitemu za LAN z'ibigo
9) Imiyoboro ya seriveri n'ahantu ho kubika (SAN)
10) Ibidukikije by'amakuru bifite ubucucike bwinshi
11) Insinga zo mu mugongo w'inyubako zikora mu nyubako zigenda buhoro
Imigozi ya OM3 na OM4 multimode patch ikoreshwa cyane mu bigo by’amakuru kugira ngo ishyigikire kohereza amakuru ya 10G, 40G, na 100G Ethernet mu ntera ya metero 300. OM5 yongera ikoreshwa rya bandwidth binyuze mu gukwirakwiza ikoranabuhanga rya shortwave wavelength division multiplexing (SWDM), bigatuma iba amahitamo meza ku bikorwa remezo by’ikigo cy’amakuru cy’igihe kizaza hamwe n’ibikorwa byo kohereza amakuru byihuta cyane.
HuzaUmuhuzaAndika ku bikoresho byawe
Guhuza connector ni ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwitabwaho. Abaguzi bagomba kwemeza imiterere y'connector ndetse n'ubwoko bwo kuyisukura mbere yo kugura.
1.Umuhuza wa LC
Ibikoresho byo guhuza LC ni bito kandi bishyigikira ibyuma bifite ubucucike bwinshi. Bikoreshwa cyane hamwe na transceivers za SFP na SFP+ mu bigo bigezweho by'amakuru.
2.Umuhuza wa SC
Ibikoresho bya SC bikoresha imiterere yo gusunika no gukurura kandi bikunze kuboneka mu miyoboro ya FTTH, ibikoresho bya ONU, no mu buryo bwo gukwirakwiza amakuru kuri telefoni.
3.Umuhuza wa MPO/MTP
Ibihuza bya MPO/MTP bishyigikira imiyoboro myinshi kandi byagenewe sisitemu zo kohereza ubutumwa bwihuse bwa 40G, 100G, na 400G.
Bikunze gukoreshwa muri:
1) Insinga z'imbere zigomba guhagarara mbere y'uko zirangira
2) Ibigo by'amakuru bya Hyperscale
3) Inkingi z'umugongo zifite ubucucike bwinshi
4.FC na ST Connectors
Ibihuza bya FC na ST bikunze kugaragara mu buryo bwa kera bw’inganda no kuvugurura imiyoboro ya kera.
Ku bidukikije bivanze, imigozi ya hybrid patch nka LC-SC cyangwa LC-FC ikunze kuba ikenewe. OYI ishyigikira uburyo bwo guhuza ibyuma byihariye ku bijyanye n'ibikenewe mu mishinga itandukanye.
5. UPC vs APC Polishing
Ibihuza bya UPCifite ubuso busesuye kandi ikwiriye imiyoboro isanzwe y'itumanaho rya elegitoroniki, harimo na LAN na porogaramu zo mu kigo cy'amakuru.
Ibihuza bya APCkoresha irangi rya dogere 8 kugira ngo ugabanye irangi ry'inyuma. Bikunze gukoreshwa muri sisitemu ya CATV na RF optique transmission aho kugenzura irangi ari ingenzi cyane.
Guhitamo umuhuza ukwiye bitangirira ku gusobanukirwa aho ibikoresho byawe bihurira n'ibyo ukeneye mu muyoboro. Imiyoboro ya LC ikunze gukoreshwa cyane mu bigo bigezweho by'amakuru n'imiyoboro ifite ubucucike bwinshi, imiyoboro ya SC ikomeje kuba myinshi mu miyoboro ya FTTH n'itumanaho, mu gihe imiyoboro ya MPO/MTP ari yo ikoreshwa cyane mu miyoboro ya 40G, 100G, na 400G yihuta cyane. Imiyoboro ya FC na ST ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda no mu buryo bwa kera.
Uretse ubwoko bw'umuhuza, uburyo bwo gushushanya ni ingenzi cyane. Imiyoboro ya UPC ikwiriye porogaramu nyinshi zo gutumanaho, harimo imiyoboro y'ibigo n'ibigo by'amakuru, mu gihe imiyoboro ya APC isabwa kuri FTTx, CATV, n'indi miyoboro aho kugarura inyuma ari ingenzi cyane. Guhitamo ubwoko bw'umuhuza n'umusarani neza bituma habaho guhuza neza, kohereza ibimenyetso mu buryo buhamye, no kwizerana mu gihe kirekire.
Hitamo ibikoresho by'ikoti bikwiriye
Ikoti ryo hanze rigira ingaruka ku kuramba, kudashya, no kubungabunga ibidukikije.
1.Ikoti rya PVC
PVC irahindagurika kandi ihendutse mu bidukikije bisanzwe byo mu nzu nko mu byumba by'ibikoresho n'insinga zo mu biro.
2.Ikoti rya LSZH
Amakoti ya LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen) asohora umwotsi muto mu gihe cyo gutwika kandi akunze gukoreshwa muri:
1) Inyubako z'ubucuruzi
2) Ibikoresho byo munsi y'ubutaka
3) Sisitemu zo gutwara abantu n'ibintu rusange
4) Ibigo by'amakuru
3.Hanze naInsinga z'uburinzi
Ku bidukikije by'inganda cyangwa hanze,imigozi y'ibirahure ifite intwarobitanga ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo kwangiza, gukurura no gukomeretsa imbeba.
Amakoti yo hanze ya PE akwiriye:
1) Gushyiramo inkingi
2) Uburyo bwo kunyura munsi y'ubutaka
3) Imiterere y'ikirere ikaze
Hitamo imiterere n'uburebure by'insinga ikwiye
1.Simplex, Duplex, n'imiterere ya MPO
Insinga zo gupakira ebyirini amahitamo asanzwe kuri sisitemu nyinshi z'itumanaho zigana impande ebyiri.
Insinga za Simplex zikunze gukoreshwa mu kohereza ubutumwa mu cyerekezo kimwe, mu gihe MPO multi-core assemblies ari zo zikundwa mu miyoboro y’imizigo ifite ubucucike bwinshi.
Ku bijyanye no gushyiraho ibintu bisaba kugenda kenshi cyangwa gukoresha inzira nyinshi, insinga ebyiri zifite ibyuma bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kwa fibre.
2.Guhitamo uburebure
Gukoresha insinga ndende cyane bishobora gutera ubucucike butari ngombwa mu kabati, mu gihe insinga ngufi cyane zishobora gutera ubucucike bukabije kuri fibre.
Bisabwa:
1) Pima inzira nyayo y'inzira
2) Teganya indi ntsinzi yo kubungabunga
3) Irinde imiyoboro myinshi y'insinga
OYI itanga uburebure bwihariye bw'umugozi w'igitambaro kuva ku maguru magufi yo mu nzu kugeza ku matsinda yo hanze yo ku rwego rwa kilometero.
Inama z'inyongera zo guhitamo umugozi wizewe wo gupakiras
Insinga z’imigozi zidafite ubuziranenge buhagije zikunze kugaragaza igihombo kidakomeye cyo kwinjiramo nyuma yo gukoreshwa igihe kirekire, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso bihagarara rimwe na rimwe.
Mbere yo kugura, abaguzi bagomba kwemeza ko umucuruzi atanga:
1) Raporo z'ibizamini by'uruganda
2) Amakuru y'igihombo cyo gushyiramo n'igihombo cyo kugarura
3) Ubwiza bwo gusiga neza
4) Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'umusaruro bihoraho
Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo gukoresha 400G muri iki gihe mu gukwirakwiza amakuru, fibre idafata ikoranabuhanga irasabwa cyane kugira ngo igabanye ubukana bw'ingufu ziterwa no gucunga insinga zikomeye.
Bifasha kandi gukorana n'inganda zishyigikira ibishushanyo byihariye, amakoti yihariye, n'imiterere y'ibihuza bivanze kugira ngo byorohere gucunga imishinga.
Ifite uburambe bw'imyaka igera kuri makumyabiri mu nganda, OYI ikora igenzura ry'ubuziranenge mu gikorwa cyose cyo gukora, kuva ku igeragezwa ry'ibikoresho fatizo kugeza ku igenzura ry'ibicuruzwa, ikaba ikubiyemo ibisubizo byuzuye by'imigozi ya fiber patch ku bijyanye n'itumanaho, ibigo by'ubucuruzi, n'inganda.
Guhitamo umugozi ukwiye wo gukurura imizigo si uguhitamo ubwoko bw'umuyoboro gusa. Ibintu nk'uburyo bwa fibre, uburyo bwo gukosora, ibikoresho bya jaketi, imiterere y'insinga, n'aho zishyirwa byose bigira uruhare runini mu mikorere y'umuyoboro mu gihe kirekire. Uburyo buhuye neza n'umugozi ukurura imizigo bufasha kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga, kunoza uburyo bwo kohereza imizigo, no koroshya kuvugurura mu gihe kizaza.
