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Kua tino piki ake te hiahia mō te ipurangi tere-nui me ngā otinga hononga matatau i ngā tau tata nei. Nō reira, kua tino hira te whanaketanga hangarau o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero muka-whatu, inā koa i roto i ngā pūnaha muka-ki-te-Kāinga (FTTH) me te muka-ki-te-Rūma (FTTR). Ka whakamahia e ēnei pūnaha ngā āheinga tino pai o ngā muka whatu, pērā i ngā Taura Muka Whatu me ngā Muka Whatu Aratau-Maha, hei whakarato i ngā hononga ipurangi tere ake, pono ake, me te kaha ake ki ngā kaiwhakamahi. Ka rukuhia e tēnei tuhinga ngā whanaketanga hou o ngā hangarau FTTH me te FTTR, me te tūhura me pēhea e hurihia ai e rātou te āhua o tā tātou hononga me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
Ngā Whakatairanga i roto i te muka-ki-te-kāinga (FTTH)
Kua tino piki haere te hangarau FTTH i ngā tau tata nei, ā, he mea nui ngā whakapainga o ngā Taura Muka Whatu. Nā ēnei whanaketanga kua piki ake te tere me te kaha o ngā hononga ipurangi kāinga. Kua hangaia ngā Taura Muka Whatu Hou hei whakahaere i ngā kawenga raraunga nui ake, hei whakaiti i te whakaroa me te whakarei ake i te wheako kaiwhakamahi whānui. He tino whai hua tēnei mō ngā tono e hiahia ana ki te whānui o te hononga, pērā i te roma ataata, te petipeti ipurangi, me te mahi mamao.
Hei tāpiritanga, kua whai wāhi anō hoki te whanaketanga o ngā muka whatu maha-aratau ki te whanaketanga o ngā pūnaha FTTH. Kāore i rite ki ngā muka aratau-kotahi, ka taea e ngā muka maha-aratau te kawe i ngā tohu mārama maha i te wā kotahi, ka whakanui ake i te kaha tuku raraunga. Nā tēnei ka pai mō ngā tono kāinga e hono ana ngā taputapu maha ki te ipurangi i te wā kotahi.
Ngā Auahatanga i roto i te Muka-ki-te-Rūma (FTTR)
He whanaketanga hou ake te FTTR i roto i te hangarau muka-whatu, e whakawhānui ana i ngā painga o te FTTH ki ngā rūma takitahi i roto i te kāinga, i te whare rānei. Mā tēnei huarahi ka whakarite kia whai hononga muka-whatu tika ia rūma, ka tere ake, ka pono ake hoki te urunga ipurangi. Ko tētahi o ngā whanaketanga matua o te hangarau FTTR ko te whakaurunga o ngā Taura Muka Whatu ki ngā pūnaha kāinga atamai. Mā tēnei ka taea te hononga maeneene.(Pouaka Papamahi, Pouaka Tohatoha) me te whakahaere i ngā momo taputapu atamai, hei whakarei ake i te whai huatanga me te whai huatanga o te aunoatanga kāinga.
Ko tētahi atu auahatanga nui i roto i te FTTR ko te whakamahi i ngā muka whatu maha-aratau me ngā hangarau ara me te whakawhiti matatau. Mā tēnei huinga ka taea te tohatoha i te ipurangi tere-teitei ki ngā rūma maha me te kore e whakararu i te mahi. Ka taea hoki te whakatinana i ngā mahi haumarutanga whatunga matatau, me te whakarite i te tūmataitinga me te haumaru o ngā raraunga a ngā kaiwhakamahi.
Te Pānga o te FTTH me te FTTR ki te Hononga me te Mahi Whatunga
Kua tino pāngia te hononga me te mahi whatunga e ngā whanaketanga o ngā hangarau FTTH me FTTR. Nā te whakamahinga nui ake o ngā Waea Muka Whatu me ngā Muka Whatu Aratau Maha, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi te tere ake i te ipurangi, te iti ake o te whakaroa, me te nui ake o te kaha raraunga. Nā tēnei kua tino whakapai ake i te kounga o ngā wheako ipurangi, mai i te rere i ngā ihirangi whakamāramatanga teitei ki te whai wāhi atu ki ngā huihuinga ataata me te kore e mutu.
Heoi anō, nā te whānui haere o ngā pūnaha FTTR kua tae mai te ipurangi tere ki ngā kokonga katoa o te kāinga, o te whare rānei. Mā tēnei ka taea e ngā taputapu hono katoa te whakamahi.(urutau)ahakoa te wāhi, ka taea te mahi tino pai, ka whakarei ake i te mahinga whatunga whānui.
Te Anamata o te FTTH me te FTTR: Ngā Tirohanga me ngā Wero
I a tātou e titiro whakamua ana, he āhua pai te heke mai o ngā hangarau FTTH me te FTTR, me ētahi tirohanga whakahihiri. Ko tētahi kaupapa matua ko te whakauru i ēnei pūnaha ki ngā hangarau hou pēnei i te 5G, te Ipurangi o ngā Mea (IoT), me te matauranga horihori (AI). E matapaetia ana ka huakina e tēnei huihuinga ngā mea hou i roto i ngā whare atamai, te rongoā tawhiti, me te mooni mariko. Hei tauira, ka taea e te FTTH me te FTTR te whakarato i te pou tuara mō ngā whatunga 5G, me te whakarite i te hononga tino tere me te pono mō ngā tono maha.
Ko tētahi atu tirohanga nui ko te whakawhānui ake i ngā whatunga FTTH me FTTR ki ngā wāhi taiwhenua me ngā wāhi kāore i te rawaka te ratonga. I te pikinga ake o te whakawhirinaki ki te ipurangi mō te mātauranga, te mahi, me te hauora, kua noho ko te whakarite kia uru atu ki te ipurangi tere-teitei i roto i ēnei rohe hei kaupapa matua. Nā ngā whanaketanga o te hangarau muka whatu, pērā i te whakawhanaketanga o ngā Taura Muka Whatu he pakari ake, he iti ake te utu, ka taea te whakawhānui ake i ēnei ratonga ki ngā wāhi tūmatanui.
Heoi, he maha ngā wero kei te whānui haere te whakamahinga o ngā hangarau FTTH me te FTTR. Ko tētahi o ngā arai matua ko te nui o te haumitanga tuatahi e hiahiatia ana mō te whakawhanaketanga hanganga. He nui ngā utu mō te whakatinanatanga o ngā whatunga muka-whatu, inā koa i ngā rohe he uaua te whenua, he iti rānei ngā herenga hanganga o nāianei. Hei tāpiri, he wero hangarau e pā ana ki te tāuta me te tiaki i ēnei pūnaha, me te hiahia ki ngā kaimahi pūkenga me ngā taputapu motuhake.
Te Whakatika i ngā Wero: Ngā Rautaki me ngā Otinga
Kei te tūhuratia ētahi rautaki me ngā otinga hei whakakore i ngā wero e pā ana ki te whakatinanatanga o te FTTH me te FTTR. Kei te puta ake ngā hononga ā-iwi-tūmataiti hei tauira whai hua mō te putea me te whakatinana i ngā kaupapa muka-whatu nui. Kei te mahi tahi ngā kāwanatanga me ngā kamupene tūmataiti ki te tohatoha i te taumahatanga pūtea me te whakamahi i te tohungatanga o tētahi ki tētahi i roto i te whanaketanga whatunga (ADSS, OPGW).
Mō ngā wero hangarau, kei te whakangawari ake ngā tikanga tāutanga me ngā whanaketanga taputapu i te tukanga. Hei tauira, mā ngā tikanga hou mō te whakatakoto i ngā Taura Muka Whatu ka whakaiti i te wā me te mahi e hiahiatia ana mō te whakatinanatanga. Hei tāpiri, mā te whakawhanake i ngā muka whatu maha-aratau pakari me te ngāwari ka whakarei ake i te roa me te mahi a ngā whatunga.
Whakamutunga
Nā ngā whanaketanga o ngā hangarau muka-ki-te-Kāinga (FTTH) me te muka-ki-te-Rūma (FTTR) kua puta he panonitanga mō te hononga ipurangi. Mā te tere ake, te pono ake, me te whānui ake o te kapinga, kei te whakatakotohia e ēnei pūnaha he paerewa hou mō te mahi whatunga. Ahakoa ngā wero, ko ngā auahatanga tonu me ngā mahi tahi e whakatakoto ana i te ara mō tētahi heke mai e hono atu ana, e matatau ake ana hoki ki te hangarau. I te whanaketanga tonu o te FTTH me te FTTR, kāore e kore ka whai wāhi nui rāua ki te hanga i te whenua matihiko o te rautau 21.
