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Tautoko-ā-Whaiaro-Ara-Hiko-katoa (ASU)Ko ngā taura muka whatu he peke auaha i roto i te hononga whatunga o waho. Mā te hoahoa miihini pakari, te kaha whānui i waenga i ngā pou, me te hototahi ki te whakatinanatanga o te hau, te paipa me te tanumanga tika, ka whakaratohia e ngā taura ASU ki ngā kaiwhakahaere he ātete-ā-mua me te ngāwari o ngā hanganga.
Ka tūhuratia e tēnei tuhinga ngā āheinga matua o te taura ASU, ngā tono o te ao tūturu, ngā tikanga tāutanga tika, me te tūranga whai hua o tēneimuka o wahoka whai wāhi te tūāpapa ki te tautoko i ngā hapori atamai o te heke mai.
Te Hoahoa me te Hanganga Taura ASU
Ahakoa ngā momo taura muka whatu tuku iho pēnei iADSSI runga i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā whakakaha maitai whakauru mō ngā whānui pou-ki-pou, ka tutuki i ngā taura ASU te kaha ōrite mā roto i tētahi mema taumahatanga pokapū hiko-kore i hangaia ki te muka karāhe me ngā miro aramid, ki ngā tokotoko kapia rānei.
Ka ārai tēnei hoahoa hiko-katoa i te waikura, ā, ka whakaitihia te taumaha o te taura mō ngā roanga whānui tae atu ki te 180 mita kāore he tautoko. Mā ngā kawenga kume tae atu ki te 3000N ka mau tonu te pakari ahakoa i roto i ngā āhuatanga hau kino me te hukapapa.
Kei roto i ngā ngongo ārai korekore ngā muka 250um takitahi, e whakarato ana i te tiaki i roto i te tiēre, i te pahuka rānei e ārai ana i te wai. Ka oti te hanganga whānui mā te whakamahi i te koti HDPE, MDPE rānei, e whakarato ana i te pakari mō ngā tekau tau o te oranga e tumanakohia ana.
Kei te whakamahia hoki ngā rauemi muka matatau pērā i te muka G.657 kāore e pāngia e te piko i roto i te matua ngongo wetewete, e tuku ana i te mahi tino pai puta noa i ngā mano tini huringa piko puta noa i ngā ara paipa, i ngā whakaurunga rangi rānei.
Nā te maha o ngā momo taura ASU e tino pai ana mō ngā momo tāutanga hau, awaawa me te tanumia tika, e tautoko ana i:
Ngā Rererangi Rererangi Roa: Hei whakakapinga ADSS whakarei ake, ka tukuna e ngā taura ASU he roanga whānui i waenga i ngā pou tohatoha puta noa i ngā whenua uaua. Mā tēnei ka taea te mahi ipurangi nui, te hono atu rānei ki te 60km.
Ngā Huarahi Paipa: Ka taea te tāuta ngāwari i ngā taura ASU mā te 9-14mm-ngā awa iti, te whakangawariwhatungangā whare kua whakatūria ngā ara raro whenua. Mā te ngāwari o ēnei ara ka pai te tāutanga o ngā paipa i ngā tawhiti roa, ki te whakaritea ki ngā taura ārai.
Hononga Tanumanga: Mā ngā momo ASU ātete-UV ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te tanu muka i te taha o ngā huarahi tere, ngā rēriwe, ngā paipa me ētahi atu ara tika, me te kore e hiahiatia he takai raima utu nui. He pai te tanu oneone tika mō ngā rohe taiwhenua.
Ngā Ara Ranu: Mā ngā taura ASU ka taea te whakamahi i te kanorau o ngā ara i te whakawhiti i waenga i ngā whānuitanga o te rangi, ngā awaawa o raro whenua, me te tanumanga tika i roto i te haerenga roa kotahi mā te whakarerekē i ngā tikanga hanga.
Ngā Painga o te ASU ki te ADSS
Ahakoa te tikanga tuku ihoNgā taura tautoko-ā-ia-anō katoa (ADSS)kua roa e whakamahia ana mō te whakarewatanga o te muka rererangi, he maha ngā painga o te tūāpapa ASU o te whakatipuranga e whai ake nei:
Ngā Roa Whānui: Mā te mea he māmā ake, he kaha hoki te mema pokapū aramid, ka eke ngā taura ASU ki te 180 mita te whānui, ki te whakaritea ki te 100-140 mita mō te ADSS tawhito. Ka tino whakaitihia e tēnei ngā utu whakapakari pou me te tāutanga.
Ātete Waikura: Mā te hoahoa hiko-katoa o ASU ka whakakorea rawatia te maitai, ka ārai i ngā pūwāhi rahunga waikura i waho mō ngā tekau tau.
Ātete ki te Mahana Iti: Ka mau tonu te ngāwari o ngā taura ASU ki raro ki te -40 Celsius, kia pono ai ahakoa te tino makariri. Ka pakarukaru ngā taura ADSS i raro i te -20 Celsius.
Rahi Kiato: Mā te whānui iti, ka whakaitihia e ngā taura ASU te pānga tirohanga me te hau puta noa i ngā huarahi rererangi i ngā pokapū tāone nui, i ngā rohe tairongo rānei ki te taiao.
DQE Whakapai Ake: Ka whakaitihia te ngaronga tohu nā te whanaketanga o te hanga tika mō ngā ngongo me ngā muka arai ASU, ka whakanui ake i te mahi whatu.
Te Tāutanga Taura ASU Tika i te Papa
Hei whakamahi pai i te pakari me te mahi a ngā taura ASU, me tika ngā tikanga whakahaere me te tāutanga:
Rokiroki: Me noho poutū ngā tīra ki roto i te whare tae noa ki te wā e whakatūria ai. Waiho kia kore he pakaru o te takai wheketere i mua i te tāutanga hei ārai i te wai e uru ana.
Te Whakarite: Me whakaatu e ngā hoahoa ngā ara paipa me ngā momo pou mō ngā rerenga hau. Me whakarite kia tika te whakanoho o ngā here me ngā punga aho i runga i te tere o te hau e tumanakohia ana.
Te Mahi Pou: Me whakamahi tonu i ngā tohunga hangarau me ngā taraka peere mō ngā mahi rererangi. Waiho kia nui te taura e takoto kau ana i ngā pou hei ārai i te kino i ngā wā kino o te rangi.
Te Whakahinuhinu i te Toia: Whakamahia ngā kakau toia me ngā inenga hiko hei aroturuki i te kume, ā, me whakahinuhinu tonu kia iti ake te waku i roto i ngā paipa. Mā tēnei ka tiakina te pumau roa o ngā kaikawe totoro miro karāhe.
Pūtoro Piko: Kia mau ki te pūtoro piko 20xD i te wā e whakahaeretia ana, e tāutahia ana hoki. Whakamahia ngā paihere porotaka nui ki ngā wāhi katoa e anga atu ana ki te ara taura.
Te Hononga: Me mahi ngā hononga waenga-whānui, ngā pito rānei i roto i ngā whare ārai-huarere anake. Me whakarite kia whakamahia ngā hononga whatu e ngā kaiwhakahonohono me ngā tohunga hangarau whai tohu.
Mā te piri ki ngā tikanga pai ka tiakina te mahi whatu, ka whakapai ake hoki i te roa o te ora. Tirohia ngā paerewa mana pēnei i te TL 9000 mēnā e tika ana. Ko ngā taura ASU he tūāpapa matua e āhei ai te panonitanga mamati o ngā rohe puta noa i te ao. I te tipu haere o ngā tāone atamai ki ngā whāinga mō te pumau, ngā ratonga ā-iwi, te haumaru me te whanaketanga ōhanga, ka noho ko te hononga tere-teitei te mea e hiahiatia ana.
I te mea e hiahiatia ana hoki he hanganga pakari puta noa i ngā whatunga waea me ngā whatunga ahokore nā te rerekētanga o te āhuarangi, ka whakaratohia e ngā taura ASU he pakari puta noa i ngā momo tāutanga rangi, whenua, me ngā momo tāutanga tika. Mā tēnei ngāwari ka whakawhiwhia ki ngā tāone te kaha ā-mua me te whānuitanga ā-whenua i te tere haere o te whakaurunga IoT. Kei te whanake tonu ngā hanganga ASU, ka roa ake te horapa, ka whakaitihia te kawenga hau, ā, ka roa ake te ora i ngā taiao tino uaua o waho.
Ahakoa te whakatairanga i te urunga atu ki ngā taiwhenua, te mahi ipurangi whai hua i waenga i ngā kaunihera, te whakahaere rānei i tētahi whatunga matatini o ngā puna raraunga tāone, ka akiakihia ngā hapori atamai e te hangarau ASU tautoko-whaiaro ki tua atu i te āputa matihiko.
Ka whakaitihia e ngā taura ASU ngā arai nui:
Hononga Taiwhenua: Mō ngā wāhi kāore i te whakaurua ki roto i te kamupene me ngā wāhi tūmatanui, ka karohia e ngā taura rererangi te utu nui o te keri i ngā paipa. Ka taea e te ASU te tere ake te whakatinanatanga.
Te Nekenekehanga Tāone: Nā te iti o te tapuwae me te iti o te tohu tirohanga o ngā taura ASU ka ārai i ngā whakahē ataahua ka whakaroa i ngā whatunga nui.
Te Oranga Tonu: Nā te iti o te ngaronga tohu puta noa i ngā whānuitanga roa, ka whakaitihia e ngā taura ASU te hiahia mō te whakanui i ngā ara roa, ka whakaitihia te whakapaunga hiko.
Āhuatanga Tauine: Ka whiwhi ngā kaihanga whatunga i ngā hanganga ka taea te whakanui ake i te kaha i roto i te wā me te kore e hutia he taura hou nā ngā muka pouri kāore i whakamahia.
Mā te whakarato i te whānuitanga o ngā mahi me ngā whakapainga mahi ki tua atu i ngā momo taura muka tuku iho pērā i te ADSS,ASU tautoko-whaiaroKo te kōwhiringa ā-mua tēnei mō ngā hapori e whai ana i te mana atamai puta noa i te hiko, te wai, te kawe waka me ngā mahi ā-iwi. Kua wātea te tūāpapa hononga o waho me te tohungatanga whakatinanatanga motuhake hei hono i te ao i te tere māmā.
